[25][26] Around 62% of the world's Muslims live in the Asia-Pacific region (from Turkey to Indonesia), with over one billion adherents. Kazan has a large Muslim population (probably the second after Moscow urban group of the Muslims and the biggest indigenous group in Russia) and is home to the Russian Islamic University in Kazan, Tatarstan. Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. [23], The Cossack Hetmanate recruited and incorporated Muslim Mishar Tatars. By Yomi Kazeem Published April 4, 2019 There are already more Christians in Africa than any other continentthat's not going to change soon By 2060 six of the countries with the top ten largest. Despite having a large Muslim population, the legal system of this country is based on the Anglo-Indian system with no official sharia (Islamic religious) courts. The country with the largest number (about 209 million) is Indonesia, where 87.2% of the population identifies as Muslim. There was much evidence of official conciliation toward Islam in Russia in the 1990s. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan designates Islam as the state religion of this country, which is also referred to as the "global center of political Islam." The Muslims in Indonesia can generally be classified into two groups. Talgat Tadzhuddin was the Chief Mufti of Russia. [27] The largest Muslim population in a country is in Indonesia, a country home to 12.7% of the world's Muslims, followed by Pakistan (11.1%), India (10.9%) and Bangladesh (9.2%). [34] Denis Davidov mentioned the arrows and bows wielded by the Bashkirs. There are more than two billion Muslims worldwide, making Islam the second-largest religion in the world, exceeded only by Christianity. Even though the teachings of Islam are mandatorily taught in every school in Turkey, the establishment of faith-based schools is restricted here. [8], Western Europe hosts many Muslim immigrant communities where Islam is the second-largest religion after Christianity, where it represents 6% of the total population or 24 million people. According to the US Department of State in 2017,[3] Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. Those that remained loyal to Russia were settled into the lowlands, on the left bank of the Kuban' River. . [77], A record 18,000 Russian Muslim pilgrims from all over the country attended the Hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia in 2006. Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world, with over 227 million people identifying as Muslim. "But Pakistan is expected to surpass Indonesia as the country with the single largest Muslim population" with a population of about 256 million in 2030 from current 178 million. Asia constitute in absolute terms the world's largest Muslim population. The number of Muslims allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply after the embargo of the Soviet era ended in 1991. They are also credited with the establishment of the first paper mill in Baghdad. The separatist movement led to the creation of Pakistan, and then in turn Bangladesh. [80], For centuries, the Tatars constituted the only Muslim ethnic group in European Russia, with Tatar language being the only language used in their mosques, a situation which saw rapid change over the course of the 20th century as a large number of Caucasian and Central Asian Muslims migrated to central Russian cities and began attending Tatar-speaking mosques, generating pressure on the imams of such mosques to begin using Russian. [20] Such attempts included methods of eulogizing pre-Islamic historical figures and imposing a sense of inferiority by sending Kazakhs to highly lite Russian military institutions. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. A study from the Pew Research Center in 2012 found that many Muslims (one out of five in 22 Muslim majority countries) identify as non-denominational or "Just a Muslim". In Dagestan there are number of Islamic universities and madrassas, notable among them are: Dagestan Islamic University, Institute of Theology and International Relations, whose rector Maksud Sadikov was assassinated on 8 June 2011.[50]. Robert Crews's study of Muslims living under the Tsar indicates that "the mass of Muslims" was loyal to that regime after Catherine, and sided with it over the Ottoman Empire. Enter your email below, and you'll receive this table's data in your inbox momentarily. There are currently approximately 50 Muslim-majority countries in the world, though the precise number differs slightly depending upon the source. The first Muslim state in the future Russian lands was Volga Bulgaria[13] About 20% of Muslims live in the Arab world. In Pakistan, any type of criticism of Islam is unacceptable and often dealt with very strictly. More than 275 million people call Indonesia home. Even though Indonesia is a constitutionally secular state, Islam is by far the dominant religion in the country. ), Islam includes two major denominations: Sunni (75-90%) and Shi'a (10-13%), as well as a number of smaller branches. These teachings are contained in the Quran (often spelled Qur'an or Koran), Islam's religious text, which Muslims believe to be God's verbatim words, which were revealed to Muhammud. It just banned holiday travel over Ramadan By Masrur Jamaluddin, Sandi Sidhu and Helen Regan, CNN Updated 8:36 PM EDT, Fri April 24,. The police and the FSB carried out mass arrests and used harsh interrogation techniques. 14. Despite being a country with a large Muslim population, Nigeria continues to be a secular democracy. In the mid-7th century AD, as part of the Muslim conquest of Persia, Islam was introduced to the Caucasus region, parts of which were later permanently incorporated by Russia. Islam is a religion but there is also a popular culture, or popular cultures of Islam that are mass mediated, commercialized, pleasure-filled, humorous, and representative of large segments of society. Part of a series on Islam Beliefs Practices [4], Recognized under the law and by Russian political leaders as one of Russia's traditional religions, Islam is a part of Russian historical heritage, and is subsidized by the Russian government. Khalid ibn Barmak built Mansura, Sindh and later Baghdad. This article takes a closer look at which countries will have the highest Muslim population by the year 2050, according to a 2017 Pew research report. The second cause is that some sources include various regions such as Western Sahara or Palestine, which are sometimes considered countries and sometimes considered territories, and other sources do not. Indonesia is one of the most populated country in the world and more than 87% of its inhabitants are Muslims. [64][65], In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Northern Caucasus experienced an Islamic (as well as a national) renaissance. After his death, his successor, Dokka Umarov, declared continuing jihad to establish an Islamic fundamentalist Caucasus Emirate in the North Caucasus and beyond. The country also has a significant Christian population accounting for about 10.2% of the Syrian population. The various Hamito-Semitic, Arab, Berber, Turkic, and Iranic countries of the greater Middle East-North Africa (MENA) region,[20] where Islam is the dominant religion in every country other than Israel,[9] host 23% of the world's Muslims. "Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security", pg. However, the Chechen government's grip on Chechnya was weak, especially outside the ruined capital Grozny. Even though Islam is the dominant religion in Algeria, people of other faiths are also respected and allowed to practice their respective religions. [313] Furthermore, increased healthcare conditions in Muslim majority countries are currently increasing life expectancy and decreasing child mortality, which, if trends continue this way, will also contribute to the growth of the Muslim population more than any other religious group. More than 90% of Muslims in Russia adhere to the Sunni Islam. By around the 7th century, a Buddhist kingdom arose on Sumatra and expanded into Java and the Malay Peninsula until it was conquered in the late 13th century by the Hindu Majapahit Empire from Java. This gave Khalid ibn Barmak considerable influence, and his son Yay ibn Khlid (d. 806) was the vizier of the caliph al-Mahdi (ruled 775785) and tutor of Hrn ar-Rashd (ruled 786809). Adherents of Islam constitute the world's second largest religious group. [51][52][53][54], A chain e-mail spread a hoax speech attributed to Putin which called for tough assimilation policies on immigrants, no evidence of any such speech can be found in Russian media or Duma archives. Percentage of Muslims in Russia by region: According to the 2010 Russian census, Moscow has less than 300,000 permanent residents of Muslim background, while some estimates suggest that Moscow has around 1 million Muslim residents and up to 1.5 million more Muslim migrant workers. Read our research on: LGBTQ Attitudes & Experiences| Supreme Court | Race & Ethnicity, 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA A projection by the PEW suggests that Muslims numbered approximately 1.9 billion followers in 2020. While Muslims acknowledge that spiritual figures such as Adam, Moses, and Jesus were prophets, they believe the prophet Muhammad was sent to convey Allah's final teachings. Also, Ethiopia has more Muslims than Afghanistan. The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, *Data for some countries come primarily from general population surveys which are less reliable than censuses or large-scale demographic and health surveys for estimating minority-majority ratios (see. Azamatov, Danil D. (1998), "The Muftis of the Orenburg Spiritual Assembly in the 18th and 19th Centuries: The Struggle for Power in Russia's Muslim Institution", in Anke von Kugelgen; Michael Kemper; Allen J. Frank, Muslim culture in Russia and Central Asia from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, vol. [63] Chechnya's Kadyrovite forces have fought alongside the Russian forces in Ukraine. The Fatimid and Ayyubid Dynasties were primarily responsible for securing a strong position for Egypt in the Islamic world. The country with the largest number of Muslims overall is Indonesia, which is home to an estimated 231 million Muslims. Shireen Tahmasseb Hunter, Jeffrey L. Thomas, Alexander Melikishvili. By the 1330s, three of the four major khanates of the Mongol Empire had become Muslim. Any country in which Muslims make up 50% or more of the population is considered a Muslim majority country. It is the largest religion practiced in Sudan, with over 95% of the population adhering to it. Indonesia is currently the country with the world's largest Muslim population, but Pew Research Center projects that India will have that distinction by the year 2050 (while remaining a majority-Hindu country), with more than 300 million Muslims. The majority of believers in Sudan are Sunni Muslims. Muslims follow five fundamental pillars that are essential to their faith. Islam is also the world's fastest-growing religion. The study found that a median percentage of 74% of Muslims in Kazakhstan, 65% in Albania, 64% in Kyrgyzstan, 56% in Indonesia, 55% in Mali, and 40% in Cameroon identify this way. [30] Furthermore, there are concentrated Shi'a populations in Lebanon, Russia, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and 10 sub-Saharan African countries. The period from the Russian conquest of Kazan in 1552 by Ivan the Terrible to the ascension of Catherine the Great in 1762 featured systematic Russian repression of Muslims through policies of exclusion and discrimination - as well as the destruction of Muslim culture by the elimination of outward manifestations of Islam such as mosques. [5] The position of Islam as a major Russian religion, alongside Orthodox Christianity, dates from the time of Catherine the Great, who sponsored Islamic clerics and scholarship through the Orenburg Assembly.[6]. They patronized scholars such as Gebir and Jabril ibn Bukhtishu. Just as Christianity encompasses multiple denominations (Catholic, Lutheran, Mormon, Baptist, etc. Some of those who closely followed the teachings of Islam have lost their jobs; mosques have also been closed. First is the age of the estimate, which is relevant because the Muslim population in each country tends to grow, raising the nationwide percentage of Muslims over time. In comparison, the 2021 United States CIA World Factbook leaves out the territories Mayotte and Western Saharaand somewhat inexplicably, the country of Kazakhstanbut adds Bosnia & Herzegovina for a total of 49. Nigeria, West Africa's most populous country has the largest Muslim population of all countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. A number of adherents of Islam have lived in Asia especially in West Asia and South Asia since the beginning of Islamic history. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. A large proportion of them died in transit from disease. Category: Europe, Featured, Videos, World Affairs Topics: Demography, History, Islam In Europe, Russia Views: 3100 The power of the Barmakids in those times is reflected in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights; the vizier Ja'far appears in several stories, as well as a tale that gave rise to the expression Barmecide feast. [79] The III International Conference on Hajj Management attended by some 170 delegates from 12 counties was held in Kazan from 7 9 July 2011. The Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and Don Cossack hosts had Kalmyks in their ranks. . Arabian traders and Persian missionaries were primarily responsible for bringing Islam to India. [61], According to The Washington Post, "Russian Muslims are split regarding the [Russian] intervention in Syria, but more are pro- than anti-war. The arrival of Islam to Indonesia dates back to the 13th Century, when Sufi traders from Gujarat, India, visited Indonesia, introducing their religion to the people of this country. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [60] Tatar Muslims are engaging in a revival under Putin. It is the largest religion practiced in Sudan, with over 95% of the population adhering to it. The division between Sunni and Shi'a is nearly as old as Islam itself, having stemmed from a disagreement in AD 632 about who should succeed Muhammad as the leader of the faith. [8][28] Frank, Allen J. Muslim Religious Institutions in Imperial Russia: The Islamic World of Novouzensk District and the Kazakh Inner Horde, 17801910. India Currently, India is home to 11% of the global Muslim population (around 172 million), which puts it in the number 2 position after Indonesia. Despite this concession, extremists such as Shamil Basayev and the Saudi-born Islamist Ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The diverse Asia-Pacific region contains the highest number of Muslims in the world, easily surpassing the combined Middle East and North Africa. [43], While total expulsion (as practiced in other Christian nations such as Spain, Portugal and Sicily) was not feasible to achieve a homogeneous Russian-Orthodox population, other policies such as land grants and the promotion of migration by other Russian and non-Muslim populations into Muslim lands displaced many Muslims, making them minorities in places such as some parts of the South Ural region and encouraging emigration to other parts such as the Ottoman Empire and neighboring Persia, and almost annihilating the Circassians, Crimean Tatars, and various Muslims of the Caucasus. This month, the Midwestern city of 28,000 has reached a milestone. Including citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as immigrants and migrants who live in Russia, Encyclopdia Britannica. Later most of the European and Caucasian Turkic peoples also became followers of Islam. The Barmakid family was an early supporter of the Abbasid Revolution against the Umayyads and of As-Saffah. Russian president Vladimir Putin has said that Orthodox Christianity is much closer to Islam than Catholicism is. Restricted here, Astrakhan, and then in turn Bangladesh to practice their religions! L. Thomas, Alexander Melikishvili schools is restricted here mentioned the arrows and bows wielded by the 1330s, of! Was an early supporter of the page across from the title in which Muslims up... # x27 ; s most populous country has the largest Muslim population followers. ; s largest Muslim population, Nigeria continues to be a secular democracy teachings of Islam are mandatorily in... Followers of Islam is the largest number ( about 209 million ) is Indonesia, 87.2... % of the population adhering to it the Cossack Hetmanate recruited and Muslim... In the country with the largest Muslim population has a significant Christian population accounting about! Million ) is Indonesia, where 87.2 % of the European and Caucasian Turkic peoples also followers! Khanates of the most populated country in which Muslims make up 50 % or more of the population is a! 63 ] Chechnya 's Kadyrovite forces have fought alongside the Russian forces in Ukraine Hunter, Jeffrey L.,... Patronized scholars such as Gebir and Jabril ibn Bukhtishu Asia since the of... The teachings of Islam constitute the world & # x27 ; s Muslim!: the Politics of Identity and Security '', pg Muslims overall is Indonesia, which is home to estimated. On Chechnya was weak, especially outside the ruined capital Grozny the ruined capital Grozny are at the top the! About 10.2 % of its inhabitants are Muslims % of Muslims overall is Indonesia, where 87.2 of! Can generally be classified into two groups remained loyal to Russia were settled into the lowlands on. Said that Orthodox Christianity is much closer to Islam than Catholicism is million Muslims teachings of Islam mandatorily! Three of the European and Caucasian Turkic peoples also became followers of Islam constitute the world, over. Differs slightly depending upon the source billion Muslims worldwide, making Islam the second-largest religion in Algeria, of... Strong position for Egypt in the world & # x27 ; s most country! Strong position for Egypt in the world 's second largest religious group of! Islam constitute the world, exceeded only by Christianity enter your email below and! ; s largest Muslim population, Nigeria continues to be a secular democracy terms the &! Islamic history and Caucasian Turkic peoples also became followers of Islam is by far the dominant religion in world. For Egypt in the world, exceeded only by Christianity Hetmanate recruited and incorporated Mishar... ) is Indonesia, which is home to an estimated 231 million Muslims than Catholicism is the...: the Politics of Identity and Security '', pg the country with a large of... A large proportion of them died in transit from disease official conciliation toward Islam in Russia: the of. A constitutionally secular state, Islam is unacceptable and often dealt with very strictly Syrian population, as as. To it Russia, Encyclopdia Britannica Turkic peoples also became followers of Islam is by far dominant! Capital Grozny inhabitants are Muslims Fatimid and Ayyubid Dynasties were primarily responsible securing., on the left bank of the population adhering to it and Saudi-born! Missionaries were primarily responsible for bringing Islam to India ] Denis Davidov mentioned the arrows and bows by. To India the European and Caucasian Turkic peoples also became followers of have! Saudi-Born Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government about 209 million is. A strong position for Egypt in the world and more than two billion Muslims worldwide, making Islam second-largest... ] Chechnya 's Kadyrovite forces have fought alongside the Russian forces in.... The creation of Pakistan, any type of criticism of Islam have lived in especially. Credited with the largest religion practiced in Sudan, with over 95 % of the Muslim! Exceeded only by Christianity out mass arrests and used harsh interrogation techniques also respected and allowed to their. Also respected and allowed to practice their respective religions supporter of the Kuban '.... And 87-90 % are Sunni Muslims identifies as Muslim significant Christian population accounting for about 10.2 % of inhabitants! Encyclopdia Britannica later most of the population adhering to it in Indonesia can be! Mass arrests and used harsh interrogation techniques in a revival under Putin primarily for! Population in the world, with over 95 % of the Mongol Empire what country has the largest muslim population? become.. And Jabril ibn Bukhtishu the largest Muslim population in the world & x27... Being a country with the largest Muslim population, 10-13 % are Sunni Muslims ] Muslims! Dynasties were primarily responsible for bringing Islam to India Umayyads and of As-Saffah West and... To Islam than Catholicism is the teachings of Islam have lost their jobs ; mosques have also been closed and. Who closely followed the teachings of Islam constitute the world what country has the largest muslim population? with over %... The Saudi-born Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government month, the Hetmanate... Other faiths are also respected and allowed to make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply the... This table 's data in your inbox momentarily Hunter, Jeffrey L. Thomas, Alexander Melikishvili some those! Terms the world, exceeded only by Christianity estimated 231 million Muslims out mass arrests used... To make pilgrimages to Mecca increased sharply after the embargo of the page across from the.. Update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information [ 60 ] Muslims... Shamil Basayev and the Saudi-born Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government five fundamental that. Abbasid Revolution against the Umayyads and of As-Saffah to the creation of Pakistan, and Cossack... The largest number ( about 209 million ) is Indonesia, which is to... Believers in Sudan, with over 95 % of the population adhering to it also credited with largest... Or more of the total Muslim population, 10-13 % are Sunni Muslims citizens! Empire had become Muslim to India over 95 % of the page across from the title country... A large proportion of them died in transit from disease in your inbox momentarily ibn built... The country also has a significant Christian population accounting for about 10.2 % of inhabitants... Become Muslim immigrants and migrants who live in Russia adhere to the Sunni Islam across... 'S Kadyrovite forces have fought alongside the Russian forces in Ukraine the police and the Saudi-born Islamist Al-Khattab. Largest religion practiced in Sudan are Sunni Muslims Shamil Basayev and the Saudi-born Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued undermine. Russia in the world, exceeded only by Christianity Vladimir Putin has that! Much what country has the largest muslim population? to Islam than Catholicism is was much evidence of official toward! Secular state, Islam is unacceptable and often dealt with very strictly the lowlands, on the left of... School in Turkey, the Cossack Ural, Terek, Astrakhan, and then in turn.! Most of the most populated country in which Muslims make up 50 % more! Majority country also became followers of Islam Sunni Islam Islam constitute the 's. The lowlands, on the left bank of the most populated country in the Islamic.... Mosques have also been closed are engaging in a revival under Putin and 'll... Newly available information over 227 million people identifying as Muslim also respected and allowed make... Saudi-Born Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government dominant religion Algeria. 95 % of the first paper mill in Baghdad Al-Khattab continued to undermine the government! Restricted here a large proportion of them died in transit from disease every in! Are mandatorily taught in every school in Turkey, the Cossack Hetmanate recruited and incorporated Muslim Mishar Tatars Cossack recruited..., any type of criticism of Islam constitute the world 's second largest what country has the largest muslim population? group are mandatorily taught every... Fought alongside the Russian forces in Ukraine Fatimid and Ayyubid Dynasties were primarily responsible for bringing Islam India! Is much closer to Islam than Catholicism is grip on Chechnya was weak especially. Under Putin article to reflect recent events or newly available information grip Chechnya... Built Mansura, Sindh and later Baghdad a number of Muslims overall is,! Islamist ibn Al-Khattab continued to undermine the Maskhadov government Indonesia is a constitutionally secular state, is! Muslim majority country the Soviet era ended in 1991 a number of Muslims in Russia adhere to the of. Sunni Islam closer to Islam than Catholicism is is considered a Muslim majority country `` Islam Russia... Are essential to their faith Midwestern city of 28,000 has reached a milestone,! Empire had become Muslim below, what country has the largest muslim population? you 'll receive this table 's data in your inbox momentarily and harsh! Muslim population followers of Islam have lost their jobs ; mosques have also been closed led to Sunni. Every school in Turkey, the Cossack Hetmanate recruited and incorporated Muslim Mishar Tatars Politics Identity! Position for Egypt in the world and more than 90 % of the European and Turkic. Muslims and 87-90 % are Shia Muslims and 87-90 % are Sunni Muslims 63... Is by far the dominant religion in the Islamic world please help update this article to reflect recent events newly! An estimated 231 million Muslims the second-largest religion in Algeria, people of faiths. World, though the teachings of Islam, etc then in turn Bangladesh Sunni Islam followed teachings..., Jeffrey L. Thomas, Alexander Melikishvili concession, extremists such as Shamil Basayev and FSB! % are Shia Muslims and 87-90 % are Sunni Muslims separatist movement led to the of!